MPs also called for a target to be set by the Government to ban all non-recyclable coffee cups by 2023 and increase charges for companies which do not invest in materials which can be reused, as in other countries.

Ministers are already looking at the plans amid a shake-up of waste management in the UK after the Chancellor hinted at a review of non-recyclable packaging in his Budget last year.

The Government is "open to the idea", sources said, but wants to ensure that any levy would trigger a change in behaviour and not simply put up prices.

Ministers are looking at how money raised by any scheme could be passed on to local councils to ensure better recycling facilities and a panel will report in the first part of this year.

Some shops already give money off the price of a hot drink for customers who use reusable cups, such as Pret A Manger, which has just doubled its discount to 50p.

But the committee said uptake of these offers was low at only 1 per cent to 2 per cent of coffee purchases, and consumers were more responsive to a charge than a discount based on the success of the 5p single-use plastic bag levy.

A Defra spokesperson said: “As this report recognises, we are already taking action towards our goal of a ‘zero waste economy’ and working closely with industry and organisations such as WRAP, we have made great progress in boosting recycling rates and making more products recyclable.

“We are encouraged by industry action to increase the recycling of paper cups with some major retail chains now offering discounts to customers with reusable cups.  

“We will carefully consider the Committee’s recommendations and respond shortly.”

The committee said cups from cafes that do not have in-store recycling systems should be printed with "not widely recycled" labels to boost consumer awareness, while cafes that do have recycling systems should label their cups as "recyclable in store only".

Committee chairwoman Mary Creagh said: "The UK throws away 2.5 billion disposable coffee cups every year, enough to circle the planet five-and-a-half times.

"Almost none are recycled and half-a-million a day are littered.

"Coffee cup producers and distributors have not taken action to rectify this and government has sat on its hands.

"The UK's coffee shop market is expanding rapidly, so we need to kick-start a revolution in recycling."

She added: "Coffee shops have been pulling the wool over customers' eyes, telling us their cups can be recycled when less than 1% are.

"Taxpayers are footing the bill for disposing of the billions of coffee cups thrown away each year, whether or not they are coffee drinkers.

"It is only right that producers should bear more of the financial burden to help recycle their packaging, so my committee is calling for producer responsibility reform that rewards businesses that use sustainable packaging and makes those that don't face higher charges."

Laura Foster, head of clean seas at the Marine Conservation Society, said: "Just like the plastic bag charge we are all now familiar with, a charge added to our coffee at the point of purchase will help consumers think about whether to take a refill cup to the cafe.

"We totally agree with the committee that if 100% recycling of coffee cups isn't reached by 2023, then there should be an outright ban on providing them.

"Only by treating this issue as one that is the responsibility of both industry and consumers will re-use become the norm in place of single-use and throw away."